ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Anomalies of the maxillary system belong to the group of major dental manifestations, which occupy one of the first places in terms of prevalence among diseases of the maxillofacial region and lead to aesthetic and functional disorders, changing the quality of life of patients.

AIM. Improvement of the set of diagnostic methods appropriate for determining the tactics and comprehensive treatment of patients with dental anomalies.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. 200 patients aged 18 to 44 years with sagittal maxillary anomalies were examined. The study included 138 people, including 97 women (70.3%) and 41 men (29.7%). All patients underwent a diagnostic complex, including basic and additional examination methods.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. The position of the jaws and their relationship correlate with various signs that confirm the presence of severe cranio-mandibular dysfunction, such as sleep disorders, pain, and anxiety. The choice of an algorithmic method of orthodontic treatment of patients showed the presence of direct and inverse correlations. Direct connections reflect pain and muscle (musculotonic and myofascial disorders) involvement in the clinical picture, while the reverse links reflect muscle motor activity (hyperkinetic oromotor phenomenon) and features of the soft tissues of the face. The examination methods used by us make it possible to clarify the individual characteristics of patients with sagittal occlusion anomalies, thereby detailing the diagnosis and optimizing their orthodontic treatment.

CONCLUSION. The obtained patterns allow us to form an interdisciplinary concept of managing comorbid and multimorbid patients at a modern level with the involvement of a neurologist and conducting comprehensive diagnostics and treatment of such patients.

KEYWORDS: sagittal occlusion anomalies, dental anomalies, Hamburg test, telerentgenography, cranio-mandibular dysfunction, comprehensive diagnosis, multidisciplinary approach

For citation: Fokina N.M., Ilgiyaeva I.I., Dushenkova M.P. Statistically Significant Patterns of Clinical And Diagnostic Methods in the Treatment of Patients With Dental Anomalies. Comorbidity Neurology. 2025; 2 (3): 24-33. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2025-2-3-24-3

*For correspondence: Irina I. Ilgiyaeva, postgraduate student of the Department of Orthodontics, orthodontist, Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: dr.ilgiyaeva@gmail.com

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Natalya M. Fokina, PhD Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Neurologist, Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia; Reaviz Medical University, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: nfokina29@list.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2450-0395

Irina I. Ilgiyaeva, Postgraduate student of the Department of Orthodontics, Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: dr.ilgiyaeva@gmail.com. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4407-9884

Maria P. Dushenkova, PhD Sci. (Med.), Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: mar480@ya.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-5052

Author contributions. All authors confirm that their authorship complies with the international ICMJE criteria (all authors have made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, the conduct of the study and the preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication). Special contributions: Fokina N.M. – conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis; Ilgiyaeva I.I. – formal analysis, writing original draft; Dushenkova M.P. – writing review & editing.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Ethics Approval. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the Russian University of Medicine (Moscow, Russia) (protocol No. 334 dated Dec 26, 2024).

Informed consent for publication. All patients, and if it is impossible to review and sign, persons responsible for the patients (relatives, social workers, etc.) on behalf of the patients undergoing examination and participating in this study, signed informed consent.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2025. Natalya M. Fokina, Irina I. Ilgiyaeva, Mariya P. Dushenkova