ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Migraine is a widespread primary head disorder affecting about 15% of the world's population, with a marked predominance in women, where the incidence is three times higher than in men.

AIM. This review aims to examine the domestic and foreign literature on issues concerning the mechanisms of development, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of migraine in the male population.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. Scientific publications from 2021 to 2025 were analyzed using RINC, PubMed, eLibrary databases and using Copilot artificial intelligence.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. This article presents key aspects of the pathogenesis of migraine in men, including: cortical spreading depression (CSD), activation of the trigeminovascular system (TVS), the role of serotonin, dysregulation of brain stem structures, and the influence of genetic and provocative factors. This review analyses the etiological and epidemiological features of migraine in men, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria and modern approaches to the therapy of this disease.

CONCLUSIONS. Migraine in men is an underdiagnosed primary neurological condition that negatively affects quality of life and performance. Clinical characteristics include short but intense episodes of pain, less severe classical symptoms and association with physical activity. This complicates the diagnostic process and requires the development of individualized therapeutic strategies. Current treatment combines pharmacological (triptans, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-adrenoblockers, CGRP antagonists) and non-pharmacological approaches. To improve the effectiveness of treatment, a comprehensive approach is needed, including educational programs for medical professionals, personalized therapy and the study of specific triggers of migraine in men.

KEYWORDS: migraine, men, cortical depression, serotonin

For citation: Khakimova S.Z. Migraine in Men: A Review. Comorbidity Neurology. 2025; 2 (2): 82-87. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2025-2-2-82-87

For correspondence: Sokhiba Z. Khakimova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, e-mail: hakimovasohiba@list.ru

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Sokhiba Z. Khakimova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. E-mail: hakimovasohiba@list.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-3651

Author contributions. Author confirm the compliance of their authorship, according to international ICMJE criteria (all authors made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, research and preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication).  Khakimova S.Z. — conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing original draft, writing review & editing.

Funding.  This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The author declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2025. Sohiba Z. Khakimova