ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Modern research confirms a close relationship between bronchial asthma and lesions of the nervous system, including hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, imbalance of the autonomic nervous system, cognitive disorders and cerebrovascular disorders.

AIM. to study the peculiarities of neurocognitive disorders in older children with bronchial asthma (BA), to determine their pathogenetic mechanisms, clinical manifestations and risk factors.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. 118 children 5-12 years old with bronchial asthma of moderate severity during remission of the disease were examined. The study was conducted in the pediatric department of the regional hospital of Surkhandarya region (2022-2024) and in the pediatric department of the multidisciplinary clinic of SamSMU (2022-2024). The following studies were conducted: perinatal pathology, genetic predisposition, assessment of autonomic status and cognitive functions, analysis of neurological symptoms, spirography with bronchodilator test, pulse oximetry electroencephalography, biochemical markers of hypoxia, study of the level of inflammatory mediators, hormonal profile, neuropsychological testing.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. It was revealed that pronounced psychoemotional disorders in children are found in severe course of AD.  The results of the study show statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the groups for both indicators, which confirms the negative impact of bronchial asthma severity on the cognitive and emotional development of children.

CONCLUSION. High levels of IL-6, TNF-α and cortisol are associated with cognitive decline in children with AD.  Emotional disorders have a significant impact on IQ, which requires early psychosocial intervention. Sleep disturbances and decreased heart rate variability (SDNN) may further exacerbate cognitive impairment.

KEYWORDS: neurocognitive disorders in children, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, bronchial asthma

For citation: Djurabekova A.T., Khakimova S.Z., Samatov F.F. Neurocognitive Disorders in Older Children with Bronchial Asthma. Comorbidity Neurology. 2025; 2 (2): 22-27. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2025-2-222-27

*For correspondence: Sokhiba Z. Khakimova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, e-mail: hakimovasohiba@list.ru

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Aziza T. Djurabekova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. E-mail: Nevrologiya.km@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6397-9576

Sokhiba Z. Khakimova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. E-mail: hakimovasohiba@list.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-3651

Farrukh F. Samatov,  applicant of the Department of Neurology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Е-mail: farrux-samatov@bk.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/  0009-0003-8049-5540

Author contributions. All authors confirm the compliance of their authorship, according to international ICMJE criteria (all authors made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, research and preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication).  Special contributions: Djurabekova A.T. – development of the article concept, editing the final text, Khakimova S.Z. – collection of material, writing the text, methodology, Samatov F.F. – statistical processing.

Funding.  This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Ethical Approval. The study protocol was approved by the Department of Neurology of the Samarkand State Medical University (Samarkand, Uzbekistan), (protocol No. 2 dated 12.02.2025).

Informed consent for publication. All patients, and if it is impossible to review and sign, persons responsible for the patients (relatives, social workers, etc.) on behalf of the patients undergoing examination and participating in this study, signed informed consent.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2025. Aziza T. Djurabekova, Sokhiba Z. Khakimova, Farrukh F. Samatov