ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. The risk of developing dementia increases with each decade of life, with vascular etiology accounting for 20%. An aggravating factor is dysphagia, which increases the risk of complications and limits correct therapy.

AIM. To summarize current concepts of treating patients with vascular dementia and dysphagia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. In total, more than 100 publications were identified in the PubMed database using the keywords “dysphagia”, “dementia”, “treating” and in the scientific library Elibrary using the keywords “vascular cognitive disorders, dysphagia, treatment”.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION. Swallowing disorders are highly prevalent in older adults with dementia. Dysphagia management includes bolus modification, use of special postures, and rehabilitation interventions. Tableted medications are a major problem, and alternative formulations such as memantine dispersible tablets (Memoritab) are helpful. The ease of administration of this formulation increases patient compliance and provides relief for caregivers.

CONCLUSION. The dispersible form of memantine (Memoritab) is an effective and safe alternative to tablet forms of the drug in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment in patients with dysphagia.

KEYWORDS: vascular cognitive impairment, dementia, dysphagia, swallowing disorders, treatment, dispersible form, memantine.

For citation: Irinchinova A.A., Ponomareva M.S., Shchepankevich L.A., Gribacheva I.A., Popova T.F., Petrova E.V. Features of Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Disorders in Patients with Dysphagia: a Review. Comorbidity Neurology. 2025; 2 (1): 56-61. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2025-2-1-56-61

*For correspondence: Adisa A. Irinchinova, Resident of the Department of Neurology, Novosibirsk State Medical University; trainee neurologist of regional vascular center No. 2, State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia, e-mail: irinchinova_adisa@mail.ru

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Adisa A. Irinchinova, Resident of the Department of Neurology, Novosibirsk State Medical University; Trainee neurologist of of regional vascular center No. 2, State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: irinchinova_adisa@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0589-5715

Maria S. Ponomareva, Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Neurology, Novosibirsk State Medical University; neurologist of State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: marisponn@yandex.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-3292

Larisa A. Shchepankevich, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Neurology Department Novosibirsk State Medical University; Chief of Neurology and Neurosurgery Center, curator of Neurology Department of State Novosibirsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: shepankevich@rambler.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6951-2205

Irina A. Gribacheva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Neurology Department Novosibirsk State Medical University, neurologist, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: irengri@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8477-7746

Tatiana F. Popova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of Neurology Department Novosibirsk State Medical University, neurologist, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: popovamed007@rambler.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2543-422X

Catherine V. Petrova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of Neurology Department Novosibirsk State Medical University, neurologist, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk, Russia. E-mail: katenag13@inbox.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3839-655X

Author contributions. All authors confirm that their authorship complies with the international ICMJE criteria (all authors made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, the conduct of the study and the preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication). Special contributions: Irinchinova A.A. – review of publications on the topic of the article, data analysis, writing original draft article; Ponomareva M.S. – data analysis, writing and editing the text; Larisa A. Shchepankevich - data analysis, scientific justification, methodology; Gribacheva I.A., Popova T.F. – expert assessment; Petrova C.V. – writing – review & editing.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2025. Adisa A. Irinchinova, Maria S. Ponomareva, Larisa A. Shchepankevich et al.