ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. The article presents an overview of the trigger role of diabetes mellitus in the development of periodontal pathology in patients aged 40-70 years. During the analytical systematic review, the emphasis was placed on the currently studied issues related to the characteristics of the clinic, glycemic status and risks of a complicated course, including with regard to microvascular, neurological and other disorders. The focus is on the dental status and glycemic profile of patients with diabetes mellitus and its role in regulating the adaptive potential of patients with diabetes mellitus.

AIM. To assess the risks of diabetes in the regulation of periodontal pathology and other most significant complications.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. The search was conducted in the database on evidence-based physiotherapy (PEDro), by keywords: "diabetes mellitus", "rehabilitation", "microvascular and other complications", "periodontal pathology" from 2000 to 2024. A total of 284 sources were selected as of March 2024, of which 26 were systematic reviews, 9 were Cochrane reviews, 17 – Clinical recommendations (American Association for Diabetes Mellitus), as well as Clinical recommendations for diabetes mellitus (70.5%). The search was conducted in the sources Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus in accordance with the principles of PRISMA and initially revealed 185 entries. Of these, 40 articles were included in the 2013-2024 publication study. Keywords were used: "periodontal pathology", "diabetes mellitus", "rehabilitation", "microvascular and other complications".

RESULTS. The analysis of the collected Russian and foreign literature allowed us to summarize that in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes with periodontal pathology, the participation of specialists (endocrinologist, dentist, rehabilitologist, hygienist, neurologist) of a multidisciplinary team is necessary to compile an optimal rehabilitation program aimed at preventing the occurrence of complications and their progression, to achieve a speedy and complete restoration of lost dental functions and reduce glycemic risks.

CONCLUSION. A personalized approach, individually selected therapies with an assessment of the dental status and glycemic profile in patients with diabetes mellitus and periodontal pathology will help to achieve the best results in recovery and elimination of complications.

KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus patients, dental status, glycemic profile, microvascular, neurological disorders

For citation: Kulikova N.G., Chheidze T.B., Tkachenko A.S., Vinzhegina V.A., Sharikadze D.T., Matyushina N.P. To the Issue of Complications of Diabetes: A Review. Comorbidity Neurology. 2024; 1 (3): 73-84. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2024-1-3-73-84

*For correspondence: Natalia G. Kulikova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor of the Department of Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Head of the Department of Physiotherapy, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: www.kulikova@rambler.ru.

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

Natalia G. Kulikova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), professor of the Department of Physical Therapy and Medical Rehabilitation, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Head of the Department of Physiotherapy, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: www.kulikova@rambler.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6895-0681

Tinatin B. Chkheidze, Dentist-therapist, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: tinatin@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1797-1324

Albina S. Tkachenko, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Cand. Sci. (Techn.), Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: rocstar-fo@to.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8506-8562

Vera A. Vinzhegina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Cardiologist, Rehabilitation sanatorium "Victoria", Moscow, Russia. E-mail: d.VinzeginaVA@SanViktoria.ru, ORCID: https://orcid.org/0002-0033-7015-2607

Denis T. Sharikadze, Chief Physician, M. Gorky Sanatorium of the Russian Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia. E-mail: d.sharikadze@Sangorky.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0002-0004-8717-8767

Natalia P. Matyushina, Deputy Chief Physician for Medical Work, M. Gorky Sanatorium of the Russian Ministry of Health. E-mail: d.matuchinaNP@Sangorky.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0002-0004-8717-8767

Author contributions. All authors confirm the compliance of their authorship, according to international ICMJE criteria (all authors made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, research and preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication). Kulikova N.G., Chkheidze T.B., Vinzhegina V.A. – concept and design; Chkheidze T.B., Sharikadze D.T., Matyushina N.P. – collection and processing of material; Tkachenko A.S. – statistical processing of data; Kulikova N.G., Chkheidze T.B. – writing of text.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgments. The authors express their gratitude to all those who participated in collecting materials on diabetes mellitus.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2024. Natalya G. Kulikova, Tinatin B. Chkheidze, Albina S. Tkachenko