ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy occurs in more than half of patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy develops as a result of demyelination, which leads to pain, early disability, followed by a decrease in the quality of life.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. A systematic search was conducted for studies based on the RSCI and PubMed databases for the period from 2019 to 2023 on the topic of modern methods of diagnosing diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy, prevention and treatment in adult patients, which gave 929 matches. We have analyzed 40 scientific publications.

DISCUSSION. Timely early diagnosis improves the clinical outcomes of diabetic polyneuropathy. In type 1 diabetes, hyperglycemia is the main risk factor for complications, and glycemic control, in turn, prevents the development of the diabetic peripheral neuropathy. In type 2 diabetes, the main risk factor for the development of the diabetic peripheral neuropathy is metabolic syndrome.

CONCLUSION. Confocal microscopy of the cornea, along with nociceptive evoked potentials, is a promising method for detecting early signs of diabetic polyneuropathy. The use of sodium-glucose cotransporter -2 inhibitors represents a new direction in the prevention and treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy.

KEYWORDS: diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetes mellitus, quality of life, alpha-lipoic acid, confocal microscopy of the cornea 

For citation: Shtemberg L.V., Karpov S.M., Vyshlova I.A., Raevskaya A.I., Zakharyan E.S., Dolgova I.N. Towards the Prevention of Diabetic Peripheral Polyneuropathy. Comorbidity Neurology. 2024; 1 (1): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.62505/3034-185x-2024-1-1-53-59 (In Russ.)

*For correspondence: Lyubov V. Shtemberg, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia, e-mail: sedakovaljuba@mail.ru.

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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Lyubov V. Shtemberg, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assistant of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: sedakovaljuba@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5818-2148

Sergey M. Karpov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: karpov25@rambler.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1472-6024

Irina A. Vyshlova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Аssistant Professor of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: irisha2801@yandex.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-8481

Anastasia I. Raevskaya, Аssistant of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: nastya_raevskaya96@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-3307

Elina S. Zakharyan, Doctor of the Highest Category, Doctor of Functional Diagnostics, City Clinical Hospital No. 3, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: zakharyan_elina@mail.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3372-5445

Irina N. Dolgova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics, Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia. E-mail: i.dolgova@inbox.ru. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3079-7319

Author contributions. All authors confirm the compliance of their authorship, according to international ICMJE criteria (all authors made a significant contribution to the development of the concept, research and preparation of the article, read and approved the final version before publication). Shtemberg L.V. — methodology, data analysis, writing a draft of the manuscript, reading and approving the final version before publication; Karpov S.M. — methodology, data analysis, critical analysis from the perspective of intellectual contribution and content, reading and approving the final version before publication; Vyshlova I.A. — data analysis, writing a draft of the manuscript, reading and approving the final version before publication; Raevskaya A.I. — checking and editing the manuscript, visualization; Zakharyan E.S. — checking and editing the manuscript, visualization; Dolgova I.N. — data analysis, reading and approval of the final version before publication.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Disclosure. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

The content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

©2024. Lyubov V. Shtemberg, Sergey M. Karpov, Irina A. Vyshlova et al.